Article 2 of the International Labour Organization (ILO) Forced Labour Convention No. 29 from 1930, defines forced labour as “all work or service which is exacted from any person under the menace of a penalty and for which that person has not offered himself or herself voluntarily”.   In addressing the issue of forced labour in international supply chains, on 14 September 2022, the European Commission put forward a legislative proposal (COM (2022) 453) in the form...

On 20 December 2023, the Autorité de la concurrence of the French Republic published a decision imposing a joint and solidary fine amounting to €13,527,000 on four companies in the SONY group. The technology giant’s sanctioned conduct has taken place in the market for input devices (peripherals) for the PlayStation4 (PS4) console. Specifically, in the market for controllers and control accessories (such as steering wheels, guitars, or joysticks). The relevant market...

Introduction: The European Commission announced last 19 October the €13,4 million fine imposed on pharma companies in an antitrust cartel settlement. The fine has been imposed under article 101 TFEU and article 53 of the EEA Agreement. The case number for this price-fixing restrictive business practice is AT.40636. The investigation began after one of the participating companies revealed the cartel under the leniency programme, after which the rest of the companies...